Discovery of a species-specific partial duplicate gene in Arabidopsis thaliana helps explain how new functions evolve

Authors: Kenchanmane Raju

Published in: 2021

Gene duplications are common in plants and create a potential repertoire for functional novelty. Gene duplicates can arise from a variety of mechanisms and place the newly copied gene in a new chromatin environment with different regulatory contexts. After gene duplication, several fates are possible, but in the overwhelming majority of cases, one of the gene copies accumulates degenerative mutations leading to pseudogenization (Lynch and Conery, 2000). Sometimes, both copies survive, and the duplicated copy accumulates beneficial mutations to gain a novel function. These cases of neofunctionalization of duplicate copies are commonly reported in plants as a source for molecular innovations (Panchy et al., 2016). Partial gene duplications or changes in gene structure following duplication can contribute to such innovations. These partially duplicated and chimeric genes may be important for the formation of novel genes with new functions, but studies characterizing such duplication events are still scarce, especially in plants…